Table III.
Multivariable-adjusted geometric mean serum total PSA concentration by quintile of serum total testosterone concentration and stratified by race/ethnicity, adiposity, and age, 378 men, 40-85 years old, NHANES 2001-2004
| Quintile of serum total testosterone concentration (ng/mL) |
Geometric mean serum total PSA concentration (ng/mL) |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race/ethnicity* | Adiposity† | Age‡ | ||||||||||||
| NH White | NH Black | Hispanic | Higher | Lower | Younger (≤ 52 years) |
Older (> 52 years) |
||||||||
| N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
N | Mean (95% CI) |
|
| < 3.16 | 51 | 0.79 (0.64, 0.97) | 11 | 0.89 (0.69, 1.15) | 24 | 0.70 (0.53, 0.92) | 66 | 0.73 (0.59, 0.90) | 23 | 0.79 (0.65, 0.96) | 21 | 0.61 (0.27, 1.36) | 68 | 1.02 (0.43, 2.43) |
| 3.16 - < 4.04 | 45 | 0.79 (0.65, 0.95) | 11 | 0.89 (0.70, 1.13) | 17 | 0.70 (0.54, 0.91) | 47 | 0.77 (0.65, 0.91) | 28 | 0.83 (0.67, 1.02) | 26 | 0.62 (0.28, 1.38) | 49 | 1.04 (0.44, 2.46) |
| 4.04 - < 4.88 | 40 | 1.11 (0.94, 1.31) | 7 | 1.26 (1.04, 1.54) | 13 | 0.99 (0.74, 1.33) | 37 | 1.08 (0.91, 1.29) | 24 | 1.17 (0.98, 1.39) | 29 | 0.88 (0.39, 1.97) | 32 | 1.48 (0.63, 3.45) |
| 4.88 - < 6.02 | 38 | 1.11 (0.87, 1.41) | 12 | 1.26 (0.95, 1.67) | 21 | 0.99 (0.70, 1.39) | 34 | 1.09 (0.86, 1.39) | 41 | 1.18 (0.91, 1.53) | 30 | 0.86 (0.39, 1.91) | 45 | 1.45 (0.59, 3.58) |
| ≥ 6.02 | 41 | 1.15 (0.90, 1.47) | 20 | 1.31 (1.00, 1.73) | 16 | 1.03 (0.74, 1.42) | 28 | 1.16 (0.88, 1.54) | 50 | 1.25 (0.96, 1.63) | 40 | 0.91 (0.41, 2.00) | 38 | 1.52 (0.61, 3.76) |
| P-trend§ | 0.02 | 0.008 | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.31 | 0.01 | |||||||
| P-interaction** | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.06 | |||||||||||
Adjusted for age in years (spline), body mass index (BMI; categorical), waist circumference (continuous), cigarette smoking status (non-smoker, former smoker, current smoker), type II diabetes (non-diabetic, pre-diabetic, diabetic), estradiol (continuous, natural logarithm-transformed), sex hormone binding protein (SHBG; continuous, natural logarithm-transformed).
Adiposity determined as high: waist circumference ≥ 102 cm or BMI > median (28.02 kg/m2), or low: waist circumference < 102 and BMI ≤ median (28.02 kg/m2). PSA adjusted for age in years (spline), race/ethnicity (NH White, NH Black, Hispanic, Other), smoking status (non-smoker, former smoker, current smoker), type II diabetes (non-diabetic, pre-diabetic, diabetic), estradiol (continuous, natural logarithm-transformed), SHBG (continuous, natural logarithm-transformed).
Cutpoint at the median age. PSA adjusted for within-stratum age (continuous) race/ethnicity (NH White, NH Black, Hispanic, Other), BMI (categorical), waist circumference (continuous), smoking status (non-smoker, former smoker, current smoker), type II diabetes (non-diabetic, pre-diabetic, diabetic), estradiol (continuous, natural logarithm-transformed), SHBG (continuous, natural logarithm-transformed).
P-trend calculated modeling the natural logarithm-transformed PSA concentration, and median total testosterone concentration by quintile.
P-interaction calculated modeling the main effects of the hormone and the stratification factor, along with a term for their product, the coefficient for which was evaluated by conducting a Wald test.