Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the DOSE trial population stratified by relative agreement between fluid and weight loss
| Characteristic | Overall cohort (n=254) | Fluid and weight loss within ± 50% (N=122) | Fluid ≥50% more than weight loss (N=84) | Weight ≥50% more than fluid loss (N=48) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (years) | 67 ± 13.6 | 67 ± 14 | 66 ± 13 | 68 ± 14 | 0.594 |
| Black race | 20.1% | 15.6% | 27.4% | 18.8% | 0.338 |
| Male | 72.0% | 74.6% | 66.7% | 75.0% | 0.405 |
| Medical History | |||||
| Hypertension | 82.3% | 92.8% | 81.0% | 83.3% | 0.923 |
| Diabetes | 53.1% | 50.8% | 56.0% | 54.2% | 0.759 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 58.3% | 57.4% | 57.1% | 62.5% | 0.804 |
| Ejection fraction ≥40% | 34.1% | 32.5% | 33.7% | 39.1% | 0.719 |
| Gout | 24.8% | 23.8% | 23.8% | 29.2% | 0.739 |
| Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy | 50.0% | 53.3% | 48.8% | 43.8% | 0.516 |
| Admission Physical Exam | |||||
| Weight (lbs) | 217 ± 65 | 217 ± 61 | 218 ± 69 | 216 ± 68 | 0.855 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 78 ± 15 | 77 ± 17 | 76 ± 14 | 80 ± 14 | 0.424 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 118 ± 19 | 118 ± 18 | 118 ± 20 | 117 ± 19 | 0.886 |
| Jugular venous distention | 63.0% | 70.6% | 57.0% | 53.3% | 0.050 |
| Severe edema | 32.7% | 36.1% | 32.1% | 25.0% | 0.380 |
| Rales | 59.5% | 56.2% | 60.7% | 66.0% | 0.494 |
| S3 | 19.8% | 18.6% | 18.3% | 25.5% | 0.552 |
| Randomized intervention | |||||
| Continuous infusion | 47.6% | 50.8% | 40.5% | 52.1% | 0.272 |
| High dose | 51.6% | 57.4% | 45.2% | 47.9% | 0.197 |
| Cardiac Function and Symptoms | |||||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 35.1 ± 17.5 | 34.6 ± 17.9 | 35.4 ± 16.6 | 35.8 ± 18.2 | 0.851 |
| NYHA Class | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 0.544 |
| Laboratory Values | |||||
| Serum sodium (mEq/L) | 138.2 ± 3.9 | 138.3 ± 3.8 | 138.0 ± 4.1 | 138.3 ± 3.6 | 0.797 |
| NT-Pro BNP (pg/mL) | 4490 (2443–11327) | 4070 (2136–11472) | 5178 (3073–11799) | 5092 (2577–9882) | 0.301 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 52.8 ± 24.1 | 54.6 ± 24.8 | 49.0 ± 22.0 | 55.0 ± 25.4 | 0.251 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 38.8 ± 22.6 | 36.6 ± 21.8 | 42.3 ± 22.2 | 38.3 ± 25.2 | 0.078 |
| Cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 0.148 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.7 ± 2.0 | 11.9 ± 1.9 | 11.2 ± 2.0 | 11.9 ± 2.1 | 0.075 |
| Uric Acid (mg/dl) | 9.9 ± 2.6 | 9.8 ± 2.5 | 10.3 ± 2.7 | 9.3 ± 2.7 | |
| Troponin (pg/ml) | 43.2 ± 75.9 | 48.5 ± 96.3 | 33.1 ± 37.1 | 46.9 ± 65.5 | |
| Renin (ng/ml/hr) | 4.32 (0.8–16.0) | 4.9 (0.9–15.7) | 5.4 (0.8–20.9) | 3.3 (0.7–14.2) | |
| Aldosterone (pg/ml) | 215 (116–366) | 186 (97–345) | 245 (142–451) | 225 (108–353) | |
| Medications (Admission) | |||||
| β-Blocker | 83.5% | 82.0% | 86.9% | 81.3% | |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 60.6% | 65.6% | 50.0% | 66.7% | |
| Digoxin | 29.1% | 24.6% | 34.5% | 31.3% | |
| Loop diuretic dose (mg) | 120 (80–160) | 120 (80–160) | 120 (80–160) | 120 (80–160) | |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 29.9% | 27.9% | 27.4% | 39.6% | |
NTpro-BNP: N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate. ACE: Angiotensin converting enzyme, ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker.
*
Significant p value.