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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 18.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2015 Mar 30;522(7556):345–348. doi: 10.1038/nature14282

Extended Data Figure 9. The γδ T cell-IL17-neutrophil axis promotes metastatic breast cancer.

Extended Data Figure 9

Mammary tumors evoke a systemic inflammatory cascade that is initiated by IL1β production. Tumor-derived IL1β activates γδ T cells to produce IL17. Increased systemic IL17 levels lead to upregulation of G-CSF, which subsequently causes neutrophil expansion and alteration of neutrophil phenotype. These phenotypically altered neutrophils produce iNOS that suppresses the activity of anti-tumor CD8+ T cells. As a result of this systemic inflammatory cascade, the chance that disseminated cancer cells can establish metastases in distant organs is maximized.