Table II.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and in vitro fertilization failure

Study	Design	Participants	Intervention	Control	Outcomes
Gleicher et al (2011)	Case report	4	Intrauterine infusion of 30×106 IU (300 µg/1 mL) of rG-CSF performed for 6-12 hr before hCG injection	-	-
Gleicher et al (2013)	Prospective observational cohort	21 in vitro fertilization patients women with endometrium <7 mm on the day of hCG administration	Intrauterine infusion of 30×106 IU (300 µg/1 mL) of rG-CSF performed for 6-12 hr before hCG injection	Did not include a control group	Endometrial thickness
Barad et al (2014)	Prospective randomized cohort	141 normal in vitro fertilization patients (73 rG-CSF group and 68 placebo group)	Intrauterine infusion of 30×106 IU (300 µg/1 mL) of rG-CSF performed for 6-12 hr before hCG injection	Intrauterine infusion of saline solution	Endometrial thickness Implantation rate Clinical pregnancy rate
Li et al (2014)	Retrospective observational cohort	59 patients submitted to frozen embryo transfer (34 rG-CSF group and 25 no treated group)	Intrauterine infusion of 100 µg/0.6 mL of rG-CSF	No treatment	Implantation rate Clinical pregnancy rate
Kunicki et al (2014)	Retrospective observational cohort	37 in vitro fertilization patients with endometrium <7 mm on the day of hCG administration	Intrauterine infusion of 30×106 IU (300 µg/1 mL) of rG-CSF	Did not include a control group	Endometrial thickness

G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

hCG: human chorionic gonadotropin.