Table 1.

Pakistani Ethnic Groups Studied

Ethnic Group	Locationa	Language Family	Census Sizeb	Suggested Origin(s)
Baluch	Baluchistan	Indo-European	4,000,000	Syria: Aleppo (Quddus 1990)
Balti	Eastern Baltistan	Sino-Tibetan	300,000	Tibet (Backstrom 1992)
Brahui	Baluchistan: Kalat State, Sarawan and Jhalawan regions	Dravidian	1,500,000	West Asia (Hughes-Buller 1991)
Burusho	Karakorum Mountains: Hunza, Nagar, and Yasin	Language isolate	50,000–60,000	Alexander’s army (Biddulph 1977)
Hazara	Southern Baluchistan: Quetta and NWFP: Parachinar	Indo-European	NA	Genghis Khan’s soldiers (Bellew 1979)
Kalash	NWFP: Hindu Kush Mountains: Bumburet, Rambur, and Birir valleys	Indo-European	3,000–6,000	Greeks (Robertson 1896) or “Tsyam,” possibly Syria (Decker 1992)
Kashmiri	Kashmir Valley	Indo-European	NA	Jewish (Ahmad 1952)
Makrani Baluch	Makran coast	Indo-European	NA	West Asia (Hughes-Buller 1991)
Negroid Makrani	Makran coast	Indo-European	NA	Rajput (Quddus 1990); Africa?
Parsi	Karachi	Indo-European	A few thousand	Iran, via India (Nanavutty 1997)
Pathan	NWFP and Baluchistan	Indo-European	17,000,000	Jewish (Ahmad 1952), Greek or Rajput (Bellew 1998; Caroe 1958)
Sindhi	Sindh	Indo-European	15,300,000	Mixed (Burton 1851)

^aNWFP = North West Frontier Province.

^bNA = not available.