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Distance in the NK model. Metapopulations of bit strings of length N = 15 evolved where migration was spatially restricted or unrestricted. Evolutionary distance is the number of bits differing between an evolved isolate and its ancestor (the Hamming distance). Average distance at time point 1,000 is shown as a function of the ruggedness parameter, K. Points represent the mean of 50 replicates, shading gives the SEM, and asterisks denote significant differences.
