Fig. 1.

Financial performance of organic compared with conventional crops and systems. Shown are the median log response-ratios (RR; ±SE) for costs, gross returns, and benefit/cost (B/C) ratios (A), median Hedges d values (±SE) for net present values (B), and organic premiums awarded and breakeven premiums needed for organic net present values to match conventional net present values (C). In A and B, asterisks indicate significant differences from 0. Positive values indicate financial parameters were higher in organic agriculture compared with conventional agriculture.