Table 4.
Outcomes among palonosetron versus other 5-HT3 RAs in patients initiating an HEC/MEC regimen
| Outcomes of interest | HEC
|
MEC
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palonosetron group n=1,832 |
Other 5-HT3 RA group n=2,387 |
P-value | Palonosetron group n=1,350 |
Other 5-HT3 RA group n=1,379 |
P-value | |
| CINV | ||||||
| Patients experiencing ≥1 CINV event, n (%) | 504 (27.5) | 768 (32.2) | 0.0011 | 487 (36.1) | 575 (41.7) | 0.0026 |
| Patients experiencing ≥1 acute CINV event | 350 (19.1) | 490 (20.53) | 0.2513 | 361 (26.74) | 334 (24.22) | 0.1308 |
| Patients experiencing ≥1 delayed CINV event | 271 (14.79) | 482 (20.19) | <0.0001 | 278 (20.59) | 407 (29.51) | <0.0001 |
| Total number of cycles | 7,616 | 9,878 | 7,952 | 8,749 | ||
| Total number of events | 1,552 | 2,685 | 2,070 | 3,686 | ||
| Acute | 769 | 1,212 | 1,193 | 1,196 | ||
| Delayed | 783 | 1,473 | 877 | 2,490 | ||
| Events/cycle | 0.2038 | 0.2718 | 0.2603 | 0.4213 | ||
| Treatment delay | ||||||
| Treatment delay, n (%) | 59 (3.2) | 144 (6.0) | <0.0001 | 230 (17.0) | 369 (26.8) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment delay, lower limit, n (%) | 102 (5.6) | 199 (8.3) | 0.0005 | 363 (26.9) | 536 (38.9) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment delay, upper limit, n (%) | 19 (1.0) | 40 (1.7) | 0.08 | 101 (7.5) | 163 (11.8) | 0.0001 |
| Therapy length until delay (days) | ||||||
| Mean (± SD) | 76.28 (±22.65) | 76.32 (±22.62) | 0.9577 | 87.38 (±42.45) | 85.45 (±48.18) | 0.2659 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 67 (64–85) | 76 (64–85) | 0.0147 | 85 (62–111) | 85 (48–126) | 0.0147 |
| Treatment adherence, n(%) | ||||||
| Receipt of | ||||||
| 1. Recommended number of cycles | 1,607 (87.7) | 2,062 (86.4) | 0.2022 | 885 (65.6) | 824 (59.8) | 0.0017 |
| 2. Recommended number of cycles within the specified time frame | 1,368 (74.7) | 1,664 (69.7) | 0.0004 | 582 (43.1) | 514 (37.3) | 0.0019 |
| 3. Recommended number of cycles within the specified time frame at the expected dose | 500 (27.3) | 616 (25.8) | 0.0004 | 202 (15.0) | 173 (12.6) | 0.0019 |
| 4. Recommended dose | 616 (33.6) | 798 (33.4) | 0.8951 | 467 (34.6) | 512 (37.1) | 0.1673 |
Abbreviations: HT, hydroxytryptamine; RAs, receptor antagonists; HEC, highly EC; MEC, moderately EC; EC, emetogenic chemotherapy; CINV, chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting; SD, standard deviation; Q, quartile.