Table 5.

Cytokine and Chemokine Responses in Non–Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

Immunologic Protein	Never Culture Positive (pg/ml)*	Culture Positive > 50% (pg/ml)†	P Value
Cytokines
GM-CSF	136 ± 25	240 ± 50
G-CSF	348 ± 77	779 ± 258
TNF-α	517 ± 96	1,027 ± 319
IFN-α	3.9 ± 2	10.7 ± 6
IL-1β	1,671 ± 175	2,315 ± 276
IL-2	0.2 ± 0.05	0.2 ± 0.1
IL-4	1.2 ± 0.4	3.6 ± 0.9	<0.01
IL-5	0.5 ± 0.1	0.8 ± 0.3
IL-6	5339.1 ± 1,508	12,772 ± 3,401	<0.05
IL-7	15.1 ± 2	21.6 ± 5.8
IL-8	35,230 ± 17,683	95,584 ± 34,319
IL-10	88.3 ± 21	159 ± 68
IL-12	12.4 ± 2	24.9 ± 5	<0.05
IL-13	1.1 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.7
IL-15	52.8 ± 10	60.6 ± 28
IL-17	0.1 ± 0.05	0.3 ± 0.2
IL-1RA	0	0
IL-2R	53.8 ± 11	83.5 ± 25
Chemokines
MIP-1α	7,338 ± 2,465	18,963 ± 4,145	<0.05
MIP-1β	1,215 ± 230	4,038 ± 1,040	<0.01
RANTES	161 ± 36	202 ± 46
EOTAXIN	0.05 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.02
IP-10	1.9 ± 0.7	2.7 ± 2
MCP-1	0	0
MIG	2.5 ± 1	2.3 ± 2
Growth factors
VEGF	72.1 ± 13	78.3 ± 32
EGF	1.3 ± 0.3	0.6 ± 0.3
HGF	3.1 ± 1	3.0 ± 2
FGF	6.6 ± 1	7.8 ± 2

Definition of abbreviations: EGF = epidermal growth factor; FGF = fibroblast growth factor; G-CSF = granulocyte colony–stimulating factor; GM-CSF = granulocyte-macrophage colony–stimulating factor; HGF = hepatocyte growth factor; IP = IFN-γ–induced protein; MCP = monocyte chemoattractant protein; MIG = monokine induced by IFN‐γ; MIP = macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES = regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.

Data are presented ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using the Mann-Whitney U test.

^*Never (0%) (n = 13 for IL-6, MIP-1α, and IL-8; n = 24 for MIP-1β and IL-12) culture positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

^†Frequently (>50%) (n = 12 for IL-6, MIP-1α, and IL-8; n = 8 for MIP-1β and IL-12) culture positive for P. aeruginosa.