Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of the Study Groups
| Characteristic* | Mean ± SD or N (%) |
P Value† | Pairwise Comparisons |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSAS (n = 49) | Obese Controls (n = 38) | Lean Controls (n = 50) | OSAS vs. Obese Controls | OSAS vs. Lean Controls | Obese vs. Lean Controls | ||
| Age, yr | 14.6 ± 1.4 | 14.2 ± 1.5 | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 0.1631 | — | — | — |
| Males | 35 (71.4%) | 24 (63.2%) | 35 (70.0%) | 0.6872 | — | — | — |
| Height, cm | 165.4 ± 9.4 | 165.3 ± 11.1 | 164.2 ± 10.8 | 0.8268 | — | — | — |
| Weight, kg | 101.6 ± 36.3 | 94.5 ± 27.0 | 55.1 ± 11.9 | <0.0001 | 0.1431 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, z-score | 2.39 ± 0.39 | 2.24 ± 0.34 | 0.16 ± 0.98 | <0.0001 | 0.3008 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| AHI, events/h | 20.1 ± 25.9 | 0.52 ± 0.39 | 0.37 ± 0.43 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9655 |
| SpO2 nadir, % | 83.1 ± 9.3 | 93.2 ± 2.4 | 93.0 ± 4.7 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9051 |
| % total sleep time with ET CO2 > 50 mm Hg | 17.6 ± 27.4 | 8.2 ± 16.4 | 5.9 ± 18.8 | 0.0219 | 0.0472 | 0.0083 | 0.6229 |
| Race | |||||||
| African American | 37 (75.5%) | 33 (86.8%) | 34 (68.0%) | 0.1255 | — | — | — |
| White/other | 12 (24.5%) | 5 (3.7%) | 16 (32.0%) | ||||
| Tanner stage‡ | |||||||
| Early, ≤3 | 12 (28.6%) | 10 (32.3%) | 15 (30.0%) | 0.9439 | — | — | — |
| Late, ≥4 | 30 (71.4%) | 21 (67.7%) | 35 (70.0%) | ||||
Definition of abbreviations: AHI = apnea–hypopnea index; BMI = body mass index; ET = end-tidal; OSAS = obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; SpO2 = oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry.
*
Demographics are presented as mean ± SD or frequency (percentage).
†
P value derived from analysis of variance or χ2 test comparing values across the three subject groups.
‡
n = 14 (7 with OSAS, 7 obese control subjects) missing information on Tanner stage.