Table 5. Completely Standardized Factor Loadings and Model–Data Fit (N = 2361).

Concept	Item 1	Factor Loadings
		Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Leadership	Looks for feedback	0.751	0.751
	Focuses on successes	0.713	0.712
	Calmly handles stress	0.782	0.782
	Listens, acknowledges, responds	0.863	0.863
	Actively mentors and coaches	0.819	0.819
	Resolves conflicts	0.822	0.822
Culture	Receive recognition	0.584	0.584
	Supportive work group	0.630	0.630
	Organization balances	0.670	0.670
	Professional development	0.670	0.671
	Clear on what patients want	0.606	0.606
	Control over work	0.590	0.591
Evaluation	Routinely receive information	0.743	0.741
	Discusses data informally	0.783	0.783
	Formal process	0.808	0.808
	Formulates action plans	0.901	0.902
	Monitors our performance	0.899	0.899
	Compares our performance	0.748	0.747
Social Capital	Share information with others	0.635	0.631
	Group participation is valued	0.717	0.720
	Information is shared	0.598	0.589
	Aim is to help others	0.561	0.571
	Observations are taken seriously	0.678	0.677
	Comfortable talking in authority	0.616	0.616
Slack—Staff	Get the necessary work done	0.805	0.805
	Deliver best possible care	0.942	0.942
Slack—Space	Adequate space	0.514	0.508
	Private space	1.022	1.033
	Use of private space	0.821	0.813
Slack—Time	Do something extra for patients	0.661	0.666
	Talk about plan of care	0.680	0.672
	Look something up	0.707	0.705
	Talk about new clinical knowledge	0.763	0.768
Informal Interactions	Colleagues in my identical field	0.575		0.566
	Physicians	0.731		0.728
	Other healthcare providers	0.770		0.768
	Research nurse or coordinator	0.530		0.538
	Clinical educator/instructor	0.715		0.720
	QI representative	0.571		0.579
	Champion	0.546		0.551
	‘Hallway talk’	0.435		0.423
	Informal bedside teaching	0.528		0.524
Formal Interactions	Team meetings	0.646		0.639
	Patient rounds	0.736		0.741
	Family conferences	0.673		0.679
	Continuing education	0.198		0.186
Structural/ Electronic Resources	Library	0.350		0.344
	Textbooks	0.422		0.420
	Journals	0.559		0.549
	Notice boards	0.600		0.609
	Policies and procedures	0.783		0.797
	Clinical practice guidelines	0.760		0.772
	In-services	0.429		0.421
	Computer hooked to internet	0.489		0.472
	Computerized decision support	0.368		0.356
	Reminders	0.421		0.406
	Websites	0.447		0.432
Model-Data Fit:
χ 2 (p-value)		13,469 (< .001)	2,783 (< .001)	7,598 (< .001)
		df = 1494	df = 474	df = 249
RMSEA 2		0.0671	0.0466	0.130
SRMR 3		0.0563	0.0417	0.0884
CFI 4		0.935	0.977	0.855

¹ The horizontal lines separate factors within each model (i.e., there are10 factors in Model 1, seven in model 2 and three in Model 3)

²RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation

³SRMR = standardized root mean squared residual

⁴CFI = Comparative Fit Index