Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study samples.

Variables	Dementia cases		Non-dementia cases		P
	(n = 12,193)	%	(n = 12,193)	%
Age (mean ± SD)	79.1 ± 7.1		79.1 ± 6.9		0.55
65–69	1,194	9.79	1,194	9.79	1.00
70–74	2,145	17.59	2,145	17.59
75–79	3,006	24.65	3,006	24.65
80–84	3,057	25.07	3,057	25.07
≥85	2,791	22.89	2,791	22.89
Sex
Male	5,934	48.67	5,934	48.67	1.00
Female	6,259	51.33	6,259	51.33
Socioeconomic status
Low	9,177	75.26	9,282	76.13	0.29
Medium	1,449	11.88	1,391	11.41
High	1,567	12.85	1,520	12.47
Urbanity
Urban	6,288	51.57	6,174	50.64	0.35
Suburban	3,988	32.71	4,063	33.33
Rural	1,917	15.72	1,955	16.04
Charlson comorbidity index (mean ± SD)	1.93 ± 2.36		1.40 ± 2.33		<0.001
Myocardial infarction	450	3.69	427	3.50	0.43
Congestive heart failure	1,913	15.69	1,359	11.15	<0.001
Peripheral vascular disease	356	2.92	232	1.90	<0.001
Cerebrovascular disease	2,326	19.08	1,207	9.90	<0.001
Dementia	2,415	19.81	0		<0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease	2,566	21.04	1,627	13.34	<0.001
Rheumatologic disease	61	0.50	55	0.45	0.58
Peptic ulcer disease	1,841	15.10	1,318	10.81	<0.001
Mild liver disease	499	4.09	428	3.51	0.02
Diabetes (mild to moderate)	2,671	21.91	1,666	13.66	<0.001
Diabetes with chronic complications	1,118	9.17	601	4.93	<0.001
Hemiplegia or paraplegia	406	3.33	189	1.55	<0.001
Renal disease	871	7.14	621	5.09	<0.001
Any malignancy	1,139	9.34	1,404	11.51	<0.001
Moderate or severe liver disease	134	1.10	115	0.94	0.23
Metastatic solid tumor	354	2.90	558	4.58	<0.001
AIDS	0		0

SD: standard deviation; AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome