Table 2. ESRD incidence and risk at different HbA1c levels.
| HbA1c (%) | No of ESRD cases | Pearson-years | IDR (95% CI) a | Age- and gender-adjusted model HR (95% CI) | Adjusted model 1 HR (95% CI) | Adjusted model 2 HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <6.0 | 155 | 35734.32 | 4.34 (3.65, 5.02) | 1.42 (1.17, 1.73)*** | 2.04 (1.66, 2.51) *** | 1.99 (1.62, 2.44) *** |
| 6.0–6.9 | 364 | 84917.23 | 4.29 (3.85, 4.73) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 7.0–7.9 | 465 | 90800.38 | 5.12 (4.66, 5.59) | 1.79 (1.55, 2.07) *** | 1.86 (1.59, 2.19) *** | 1.86 (1.58, 2.18) *** |
| 8.0–8.9 | 422 | 71827.18 | 5.88 (5.31, 6.44) | 2.15 (1.86, 2.49) *** | 2.12 (1.80, 2.49) *** | 2.08 (1.77, 2.45) *** |
| 9.0–9.9 | 365 | 52437.64 | 6.96 (6.25, 7.67) | 2.70 (2.32, 3.14) *** | 2.59 (2.19, 3.07) *** | 2.50 (2.11, 2.96) *** |
| ≥10 | 842 | 81506.59 | 10.33 (9.63, 11.03) | 4.30 (3.79, 4.89) *** | 4.51 (3.88, 5.24) *** | 4.42 (3.80, 5.14) *** |
| P for trend | < .001 | < .001 | < .001 |
***: P < .001.
a: The unit is per 1,000 person-years.
IDR: incidence density rate (= number of incidence cases/person-years*1000). Adjusted model 1: age, sex, diabetes durations, smoking, drinking, obesity, hypertension, antihypertensive medication, hyperlipidemia, type of antidiabetes medication, baseline eGFR. Adjusted model 2: neuropathy, severe hypoglycemia, DKA, HHNK, cerebral vascular accident, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and cancer in addition to variables in adjusted model 1.