Table 3.

ICV- and Age-corrected Z-Scores (mean ± S.D.) for brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter volumes of the samples from France and the U.S. for the three diagnoses: normal control subjects (NC), patients with alcoholism (ALC), and patients with Korsakoff's Syndrome (KS).

		FRANCE			U.S.			Group		Country		Sex		Group × Country		Group × Sex		Country × Sex		Group × Country × Sex
		NC	ALC	KS	NC	ALC	KS	F-value	p	F-value	p	F-value	p	F-value	p	F-value	p	F-value	p	F-value	p
CSF VOLUMES
MANOVA		–	–	–	–	–	–	9.06	<0.001*	8.48	<0.001*	1.16	ns	1.32	ns	1.43	ns	0.15	ns	0.66	ns
ANOVAs	Lateral Ventricles	−0.11 ± 0.83	0.71 ± 1.44	1.09 ± 1.49	0.03 ± 1.03	0.39 ± 1.33	2.39 ± 1.62	29.70	<0.001* KS > ALC > NC	4.42	ns	–	–	5.38	<0.005* KS U.S.>KS France	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Third Ventricle	0.35 ± 1.42	1.05 ± 1.10	2.06 ± 1.13	−0.08 ± 0.86	0.11 ± 1.12	1.45 ± 0.98	29.25	<0.001* KS > ALC > NC	17.23	<0.001* France > U.S.	–	–	2.34	Ns	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Sylvian Fissure	0.17 ± 0.95	1.17 ± 1.11	2.18 ± 1.31	−0.04 ± 1.01	0.40 ± 1.42	2.53 ± 1.92	47.89	<0.001* KS > ALC > NC	1.41	ns	–	–	3.57	<0.03* ALC France > ALC U.S.	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Cortical Sulci	−0.10 ± 0.90	0.77 ± 0.85	0.64 ± 1.23	0.02 ± 1.02	0.24 ± 1.33	1.49 ± 1.22	16.90	<0.001* KS > ALC > NC	0.84	ns	–	–	5.90	<0.003* ALC France > ALC U.S. KS U.S. > KS France	–	–	–	–	–	–
WHITE MATTER VOLUMES
MANOVA		–	–	–	–	–	–	4.06	<0.003*	8.50	<0.001*	0.10	ns	0.58	Ns	0.95	ns	0.16	ns	0.80	ns
ANOVAs	Corpus Callosum	0.45 ± 0.99	0.26 ± 0.99	−0.85 ± 1.19	−0.10 ± 0.97	−0.13 ± 1.36	−0.78 ± 0.98	9.10	<0.001* KS < (ALC = NC)	3.12	ns	–	–	0.96	Ns	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Centrum Semiovale	0.75 ± 1.21	0.30 ± 1.01	−0.25 ± 0.91	−0.17 ± 0.86	−0.15 ± 1.00	−0.97 ± 0.98	10.19	<0.001* KS < (ALC = NC)	22.74	<0.001* U.S. < France	–	–	2.27	ns	–	–	–	–	–	–

^*Significant effect at p < 0.05 in bold and italic.