Table 2.

Main features of reported cases of Helcococcus kunzii infections

Sex/age of patient (years)	Underlying condition(s)	Type of infection	Treatment	Outcome	Other bacteria	Methods of identification	Author
M/41	IV-drugs user	Bacteraemia	3 weeks of penicillin G and cloxacillin IV	Recovery	None	-API 20 Strep system, (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), (code 4100413)-16S rDNA gene sequencing	Woo et al. 2005 [5]
M/83	Hypertension, diabetes, prostate cancer	Brain abscess	2 weeks of ceftriaxone and metronidazole IV, then oral amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and then ceftriaxone and metronidazole and vancomycin IV. Total duration of antimicrobial therapy 12 weeks.	Recovery	None	-Vitek2 system, (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) -Matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; Vitek MS bioMérieux) -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Sridhar et al. 2014 [19]
M/55	Smoker, alcoholic and IV-drugs user	Empyema thoracic	8 weeks of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid	Recovery	None	-API 20 Strep system, (code 4100413)  -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Woo et al.2005 [5]
M/39	Osteochondritis	Prosthetic joint chronic infection	Clindamycin and gentamicin	Recovery	None	-API 20 Strep system,(code 4100413)   -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Perez-Jorge et al. 2011 [4]
M/75	NA	Infection of implantable cardiac device	Association of flucloxacilline (2 g × 4/day) and benzylpenicllin (2.4 × 4/day) IV then association of vancomycin and clindamycin (14 days) IV and then association of oral amoxicillin and rifampicin for four weeks	Recovery	None	-BBL CrystalTM System (Baltimore, MD, USA)-BD Phoenix TM Automated Microbiology System (Baltimore, MD, USA) -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Mc Nicholas et al. 2011 [6]
W/57	None	Breast abscess	Oral cephalexin (0.5 g/day) for 5 days	Recovery	None	-API 20S Strep system, (code 4100413),-16S rDNA gene sequencing	Chagla et al. 1998 [13]
W/36	None	Post chirurgical foot abscess	Pristinamycine and rifampicin	Recovery	None	-Rapid ID 32 Strep system (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), (Aerococcus viridans) -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Riegel et al. 2003 [18]
M/36	High blood pressure, obesity and hypercholesterolemia	Sebaceous cyst infection associated with cellulitis	Flucloxacillin (1 g × 4/day) IV and then oral flucloxacillin (0.5 g × 4/day) for 5 days	Recovery	None	-API 20 Strep system, (code 4100413)	Peel et al. 1997 [12]
M/86	Malignant melanoma and congenital thrombocytopenia	Osteomyelitis	Cefuroxime (3 × 1.5 g/day) and metronidazole (2 × 500 mg/day) and then amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2 × 1 g/day) for 6 weeks PO	Recovery	Anaerobic bacteria and germs of normal skin flora	Not available	Stanger et al. 2013 [17]
M/68	Coronary artery disease and colonic polyps	Inner thigh wound from trauma	Vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam inpatient and cephalexin outpatient	NA	Staphylococcus aureus	-API 20 Strep system and VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France),	Chow et al. 2014 [11]
						-16S rDNA gene sequencing
M/25	Post-traumatic stress disorder	Toe abscess	Sulfamethoxazole, cephalexin	NA	Staphylococcus aureus	-API 20 Strep system and VITEK 2,	Chow et al. 2014 [11]
						-16S rDNA gene sequencing
M/79	Hypertension and severe intermittent claudication of both legs	Plantar phlegmon	Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (3 weeks), surgical debridement and incision and drainage of the phlegmon	NA	Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacteroides fragilis	-VITEK 2 GP card identification system (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) -16S rDNA gene sequencing	Lemaître et al. 2008[16]
M/58	Diabetes and end-stage renal disease	Ulcerative lesion of foot	3 weeks of piperacillin/tazobactam IV	Recovery	Proteus mirabilis	-Matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; Bruker GmbH, Bremen, Germany)	Park et al. 2014 [15]
						-Vitek2 GP system (bio-Mérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France)
						-16S rDNA gene sequencing