Table 5.

Factors independently associated with increased tumor size with multivariable regression modeling.

Covariate*	Estimate** (95% CI)	p-value
Age at PaC Diagnosis		0.001
Ordinal Effect	0.02 (0.01, 0.02)
Usual Adult BMI		0.004
Ordinal Effect	0.04 (0.01, 0.06)
Site of Pancreatic Mass		<.001
Head/Head and Body	0.00 (ref)
Body/Tail	1.13 (0.75, 1.50)
NOS	−0.22 (−0.92, 0.49)
Stage at Diagnosis		0.026
I	0.00 (ref)
II	0.56 (0.13, 1.00)
III	0.00 (−1.10, 1.10)
Tumor grade		0.008
Moderately/Well differentiated	0.00 (ref)
Poorly differentiated	0.25 (−0.13, 0.63)
Undifferentiated	0.86 (0.31, 1.41)
Duration of Diabetes		<.001
Non-DM	0.00 (ref)
Long-standing	−0.50 (−1.03, 0.04)
New-onset	0.41 (0.09, 0.73)

^*Also included gender, number of positive lymph nodes, angiolymphatic invasion, family history of diabetes and perinuerual invasion. Only significant covariates are shown.

^**The estimate reflects the increase in tumor size (cm) associated with each covariate.