Table 3. Sensitivity Analyses.
| 10-year mean PM10 | 10-year mean NO2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MetS-W | MetS-I | MetS-A | MetS-W | MetS-I | MetS-A | |
| OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Fully-adjusted, random-effect model | 1.72 (1.46, 2.02) | 1.31 (1.11, 1.54) | 1.18 (1.04, 1.34) | 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) | 1.17 (1.04, 1.31) | 1.05 (0.95, 1.17) |
| P-value | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.033 | 0.011 | 0.339 |
| Fully-adjusted random-effect model with multiple imputations | 1.81 (1.52, 2.15) | 1.39 (1.20, 1.62) | 1.17 (1.02,1.35) | 1.28 (1.15, 1.43) | 1.23 (1.11, 1.12) | 1.07 (0.98, 1.17) |
| P-value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.021 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.156 |
| IPW analysis for participation bias. | 1.74 (1.49, 2.03) | 1.29 (1.12, 1.49) | 1.17 (1.02, 1.33) | 1.31 (1.19, 1.46) | 1.15 (1.04, 1.27) | 1.05 (0.96, 1.15) |
| P-value | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.023 | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.292 |
| Model excluding diabetes cases | 1.77 (1.48, 2.12) | 1.31 (1.11, 1.54) | 1.16 (1.02, 1.32) | 1.22 (1.00, 1.50) | 1.17 (1.05, 1.32) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.16) |
| P-value | 0.020 | 0.356 | 0.994 | 0.110 | 0.091 | 0.597 |
| Model excluding diabetes cases reporting medication | 1.80 (1.51, 2.14) | 1.30 (1.10, 1.53) | 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) | 1.15 (0.92, 1.43) | 1.17 (1.04, 1.32) | 1.05 (0.94, 1.16) |
| P-value | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.015 | 0.226 | 0.009 | 0.421 |
| Model, ignoring study area | 1.72 (1.46, 2.02) | 1.30 (1.13, 1.50) | 1.18 (1.04, 1.34) | 1.31 (1.18, 1.46) | 1.16 (1.06, 1.28) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.16) |
| P-value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.011 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.159 |
| Model, including study area as fixed effect | 1.10 (0.63, 2.09) | 1.35 (0.86, 2.11) | 1.19 (0.74, 1.91) | 1.09 (0.88, 1.36) | 1.21 (0.99, 1.48) | 0.96 (0.79, 1.14) |
| P-value | 0.733 | 0.194 | 0.474 | 0.419 | 0.058 | 0.576 |
Fully adjusted models include age, sex, educational attainment, neighbourhood socio-economic index, occupational exposure to vapours, gases, dusts and fumes, smoking status, smoked pack-years, exposure to passive smoke, consumption of fruits and raw vegetables, physical activity and body mass index. MI: multiple imputations. IPW: inverse probability weighting. PM10: particulate matter <10μm in diameter from all sources. NO2: nitrogen dioxide. OR: odds ratio. CI: confidence interval. OR refer to increments of 10μg/m3 in PM10, and NO2 exposure respectively. All analyses were done with four-hour fasting participants.