. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2015 Jan 8;7(4):593–608. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1326

Table 1. Common Ultrasound Contrast Agents.

Agent	Filling Gas	Shell	Clinical Application	Approval
Sonavist (Shering)⁹⁸	Air (Nitrogen)	Cyanoacrylate	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Experimental
Echovist (Shering)^{24, 99}		Galactose	Right chambers Tubal and Uterine imaging	EMA^#
Levovist (Shering)^{100, 101}		Galactose	Vesicoureteral reflux Hepatocellular carcinoma	EMA (formerly), Japan; None
Albunex (Molecular Biosystems)^{96, 102}		Albumin	Left and right chambers Fallopian tube patency	FDA (formerly)
Myomap (Quadrant)¹⁰³		Albumin	Myocardial perfusion	Experimental
Quantison (Quadrant)¹⁰³		Albumin	Myocardial perfusion	Experimental
Optison (GE Healthcare)¹⁰⁴	Perfluorocarbon	Albumin	Left ventricle Left ventricular endocardial border Carotid plaque neovascularization	FDA, EMA; FDA, EMA; None
Echogen (Sonus Pharmaceuticals)¹⁰⁵		Sucrose	Left and right chambers Left ventricular border	EMA (formerly); EMA (formerly)
Definity (Lantheus Medical Imaging) ^{27, 104}		Phospholipid	Left ventricle; Left ventricular endocardial border	FDA, EMA
Imagent-Imavist (Alliance)		Phospholipid	Left ventricle Left ventricular endocardial border	FDA (formerly)
BR14 (Bracco)¹⁰⁶		Phospholipid	Tissue perfusion Liver parenchyma	None
Sonazoid (GE Healthcare)¹⁰⁷		Phospholipid	Focal breast and liver lesions; Prostate cancer	Japan; None
SonoVue (Bracco) ^#	Sulfur hexafluoride	Phospholipid	Left ventricle Doppler of large vessels Small vessels of breast and liver lesions	EMA, Switzerland, China, Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Canada, India