Table 1.

Coformulation versus pre-mixed preparation

Characteristic	Coformulation	Pre-mixed preparation
Definition	Formulation of two separate components, which maintain distinct identity	Mixture of two components, which are unable to maintain distinct identity
Appearance	Clear	Cloudy
Proportion	Pre-determined	Pre-determined
Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics	Both components maintain distinct PK/PD profiles	PK/PD profile of both components may merge
Efficacy	Both components achieve efficacy at targeted endpoint	Both components often achieve targeted end points
Scope	Allows coformulation of separate classes of drugs	Does not allow mixing of different classes of drugs
Examples	Insulin degludec + insulin aspart; insulin degludec + liraglutide; insulin glargine + lixisenatide	Biphasic human insulin; biphasic insulin aspart; biphasic insulin lispro

PD pharmacodynamics, PK pharmacokinetics