Figure 4.

HepG2 cells were incubated for 24 hr in the presence or absence of PA or TNF-α. (a) Cell lysates were harvested in lysis buffer and expressions of HOIP, HOIL-1L, and SHARPIN were determined by immunoblotting using the corresponding antibodies. (b) The expression changes in LUBAC components with palmitate stimulation are shown in the bar graph. (c) The expression changes in LUBAC components with TNF stimulation are presented as quantitative data. These data are representative of three to five independent experiments, and results are shown as means ± S.E.M. ^∗ p < 0.05.