Table 1.
Participants’ Baseline Characteristics by Incident CHD in the WHI-OS Diabetic Cohor*
| Baseline risk factors | CHD+ (n = 377) | CHD− (n = 2265) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|
| FHx MI in ≥1 relative | 56.6 | 46.7 | 0.0002 |
| 1 relative | 32.6 | 29.8 | <0.0001 |
| 2 relatives | 16.9 | 11.8 | |
| ≥3 relatives | 7.1 | 5.1 | |
| FHx premature MI in ≥1 relative | 33.8 | 25.1 | 0.001 |
| 1 relative | 25.2 | 20.0 | 0.0004 |
| 2 relatives | 8.0 | 4.2 | |
| ≥3 relatives | 0.6 | 0.9 | |
| FHx diabetes in ≥1 relative | 57.6 | 60.1 | 0.34 |
| 1 relative | 31.5 | 28.0 | 0.07 |
| 2 relatives | 10.4 | 15.5 | |
| ≥3 relatives | 14.5 | 16.6 | |
| Education ≤High School | 48.7 | 42.8 | 0.03 |
| Income <$50k | 81.8 | 74.6 | 0.004 |
| White | 74.0 | 61.3 | <0.0001 |
| Anti-hypertensive Med | 64.4 | 58.6 | 0.046 |
| Hormone users | 54.7 | 57.3 | 0.07 |
| Physical activity Noa | 23.4 | 20.1 | 0.08 |
| Some but <2 episodes/week | 46.2 | 45.5 | |
| ≥2 episodes/week | 30.5 | 34.4 | |
| Hypertension | 65.2 | 60.7 | 0.2 |
| Ever smoking | 47.9 | 46.9 | 0.5 |
| Smoking 20+ years | 26.4 | 25.1 | 0.8 |
| <20 years | 18.7 | 19.9 | |
| Alcohol consumption Nob | 17.5 | 19.3 | 0.37 |
| Past | 39.8 | 41.1 | |
| Current <1 drink/week | 29.2 | 27.0 | |
| Current ≥1 drink/week | 13.5 | 12.6 | |
| Hysterectomy | 50.0 | 47.4 | 0.4 |
| Lipid lowering Med | 28.2 | 25.2 | 0.25 |
| Age (years) | 66.4 (0.34) | 64.0 (0.15) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetic Med (years) | 4.7 (0.34) | 3.5 (0.11) | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 137.7 (0.97) | 134.0 (0.39) | 0.0003 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.4 (0.53) | 75.0 (0.21) | 0.005 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.88 (0.004) | 0.87 (0.002) | 0.045 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.5 (0.37) | 31.7 (0.15) | 0.7 |
*
% for categorical measures and mean (standard error) for continuous measures.
a
No walk outside for ≥20 min without stopping.
b
Never drank ≥12 alcoholic beverages.
One episode of physical activity: ≥20 min duration of physical activity, which included walking fairly fast or very fast, moderate physical activity and strenuous physical activity (expenditure of energy from physical activity in kcal/week/kg ≥4).
CHD, coronary heart disease; FHx, family history; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, bodymass index; Med, medication use. Numbers in parentheses are standard errors.