Table 3.

Mean and standard deviation (SD) of false detection, missed detection, total errors, and the kappa coefficient resulting from the proposed nonlocal Bayesian Markovian approach, the classic Markov random field (MRF) approach, the kernel $k$-means method and the threshold method using simulated and semi-simulated.

Semi-simulated datasets	False detection ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Missed detection ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Total errors ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Kappa
Nonlocal Bayesian Markovian approach	0.37 ($\pm \mathbf{0.14}$) %	3.12 ($\pm \mathbf{0.65}$) %	0.61 ($\pm \mathbf{0.13}$) %	0.84
Classic MRF approach	0.54 ($\pm \mathrm{0.21}$) %	5.62 ($\pm 1.03$) %	0.91 ($\pm 0.20$) %	0.78
Kernel $k$-means	0.89 ($\pm 0.41$) %	8.03($\pm 2.75$) %	2.03($\pm 0.51$) %	0.71
Threshold	2.14($\pm 0.71$) %	10.52($\pm 3.14$) %	3.45($\pm 1.24$) %	0.64
Simulated dataset	False detection ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Missed detection ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Total errors ($\pm \mathrm{SD}$)	Kappa
Nonlocal Bayesian Markovian approach	0.84 ($\pm \mathrm{0.24}$) %	5.17 ($\pm 1.05$) %	0.97 ($\pm 0.17$) %	0.82
Classic MRF approach	1.24 ($\pm 0.35$) %	7.05 ($\pm 1.95$) %	1.51 ($\pm 0.34$) %	0.72
Kernel $k$-means	1.65 ($\pm 0.63$) %	8.89 ($\pm 2.87$) %	2.38 ($\pm 2.44$) %	0.69
Threshold	3.78 ($\pm 1.47$) %	15.25 ($\pm \mathrm{SD}4.17$) %	6.41 ($\pm 2.74$) %	0.53

Note: Bold values correspond to the best values.