Fig 5. Validation of areca nut and TGF-β regulated genes in hGF cells.

Serum starved hGF cells were treated with areca nut water extract (5H; 5 μg/ml), TGF-β (T; 5 ng/ml) and both together (5H+T) for 72 hours (n = 3) followed by the study of gene expression changes using qPCR. Y-axis represents the fold changes of each treatment. P values ≤ 0.0001, ≤ 0.001, ≤ 0.01 are depicted as ***, ** and * respectively.