Fig. 1. Approaches to OLIF, XLIF, and DLIF. DLIF and XLIF present a lower risk of vessel or peritoneal injury but an increased risk of injury to spinal nerves or psoas muscles. OLIF is an anterior-psoas approach. OLIF, oblique lateral interbody fusion; XLIF, extreme lateral interbody fusion; DLIF, direct lateral interbody fusion.
