Table 3.

The Associations between tobacco control policies and quit attempts by country, gender, and weight control belief.

	U.S.			Canada			U.K.			Australia
	All	Male	Female	All	Male	Female	All	Male	Female	All	Male	Female
Prices	0.14** (0.07) [0.30]	0.03 (0.10) [0.07]	0.27*** (0.09) [0.58]	0.02 (0.05) [0.05]	0.01 (0.07) [0.02]	0.02 (0.07) [0.06]	0.10 (0.22) [0.46]	0.22 (0.31) [1.04]	−0.05 (0.29) [−0.23]	−0.10 (0.21) [−0.35]	−0.34 (0.30) [−1.22]	0.19 (0.29) [0.65]
Price/Belief Interaction	−0.15 (0.11) [−0.10]	−0.10 (0.19) [−0.06]	−0.25* (0.14) [−0.20]	−0.00 (0.08) [−0.00]	−0.06 0.04 [−0.05]	0.02 (0.10) [0.02]	−0.89*** (0.33) [−1.43]	−2.08*** (0.56) [−3.06]	−0.06 (0.40) [−0.11]	−0.06 (0.31) [−0.06]	−0.19 (0.49) [−0.19]	0.06 (0.41) [0.07]
Worksite Bans	0.34 (0.39) [0.52]	0.57 (0.59) [0.90]	0.22 (0.49) [0.32]	−0.32 (0.22) [−0.46]	−0.75** (0.34) [−1.08]	0.10 (0.29) [0.15]	0.63 (0.45) [0.89]	0.49 (0.68) [0.70]	0.73 (0.62) [1.01]	−0.12 (0.32) [−0.18]	−0.68 (0.50) [−1.02]	0.49 (0.41) [0.71]
Worksite Bans/Belief Interaction	−0.66 (0.48) [−0.30]	−0.49 (0.82) [−0.19]	−0.82 (0.58) [−0.45]	−0.05 (0.33) [−0.02]	0.15 (0.54) [0.05]	−0.23 (0.41) [−0.13]	−0.68* (0.39) [−0.34]	−1.31* (0.70) [−0.60]	−0.25 (0.48) [−0.13]	0.14 (0.39) [0.06]	0.30 (0.64) [0.12]	−0.22 (0.48) [−0.10]
Bar Bans	0.08 (0.20) [0.10]	0.13 (0.29) [0.16]	0.08 (0.26) [0.10]	−0.17 (0.14) [−0.22]	−0.28 (0.19) [−0.37]	−0.01 (0.18) [−0.01]	−0.26 (0.36) [−0.28]	−0.31 (0.52) [−0.33]	−0.23 (0.48) [−0.24]	0.19 (0.25) [0.23]	0.51 (0.37) [0.64]	−0.13 (0.32) [−0.16]
Bar Bans/Belief Interaction	−0.29 (0.24) [−0.11]	0.10 (0.39) [0.03]	−0.69** (0.29) [−0.31]	−0.01 (0.18) [−0.00]	0.18 (0.29) [0.06]	−0.14 (0.22) [−0.07]	−0.52 (0.38) [−0.20]	−1.26 (0.97) [−0.43]	−0.12 (0.44) [−0.05]	0.06 (0.34) [0.02]	0.59 (0.55) [0.20]	−0.42 (0.42) [−0.17]
Restaurant Bans	0.30 (0.20) [0.45]	0.47 (0.29) [0.72]	0.16 (0.27) [0.23]	0.17 (0.24) [0.25]	0.37 (0.36) [0.55]	0.02 (0.32) [0.03]	0.10 (0.48) [0.14]	0.43 (0.71) [0.57]	−0.27 (0.65) [−0.35]	0.05 (0.45) [0.07]	−0.33 (0.66) [−0.53]	0.56 (0.61) [0.87]
Restaurant Bans/Belief Interaction	−0.27 (0.28) [−0.12]	0.15 (0.45) [0.06]	−0.67* (0.34) [−0.36]	−0.07 (0.23) [−0.03]	0.13 (0.37) [0.04]	−0.16 (0.28) [−0.09]	−0.41 (0.46) [−0.19]	−1.41 (1.12) [−0.60]	0.24 (0.55) [0.12]	0.00 0.59 [0.00]	0.62 (0.97) [0.27]	−0.82 (0.75) [−0.41]
Anti-smoking Messaging	0.11 (0.21) [0.28]	−0.16 (0.30) [−0.44]	0.49* (0.28) [1.23]	0.38** (0.19) [1.02]	0.44 (0.28) [1.17]	0.36 (0.26) [0.97]	0.50** (0.24) [1.33]	0.38 (0.35) [1.04]	0.57* (0.32) [1.49]	0.29** (0.15) [0.82]	0.60*** (0.22) [1.67]	−0.06 (0.20) [−0.17]
Anti-smoking Messaging/Belief Interaction	−0.56** (0.28) [−0.45]	−0.29 (0.47) [−0.19]	−0.98*** (0.35) [−0.93]	−0.11 (0.26) [−0.09]	0.18 (0.42) [0.11]	−0.33 (0.33) [−0.34]	−0.66*** (0.20) [−0.62]	−1.24*** (0.34) [−1.06]	−0.24 (0.26) [−0.25]	−0.05 (0.18) [−0.04]	0.21 (0.29) [0.16]	−0.27 (0.23) [−0.23]
N	4266	1786	2480	5060	2216	2844	4999	2194	2805	5451	2453	2998

Note: marginal estimates (β) are reported. Robust Standard errors are in parentheses. Elasticity estimates are in square brackets. Regressions were conducted separately for each tobacco control policy.

^*0.05 < p ≤ 0.1,

^**0.01 < p ≤ 0.05,

^***p ≤ 0.01.