Table 1. Description of studies included in analysis of hepatitis virus seroprevalence, Malawi, 1989–2008*.
| Study name, period (reference) | Study site/setting | Study type | Study population | HIV status | Aims of study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICAR,1989–1994 (21,22) | Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre/urban | Observational cohort | Pregnant and postpartum women | +/– | Assess adverse pregnancy outcomes and rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV |
| SUCOMA, 1998 (23) | Nchalo District, sugar estate/rural, occupational | Observational survey | Adult men | +/– | Identify epidemiologic and biologic determinants of HIV infection in an occupational male cohort |
| NVAZ, 2000–2004 (24) | Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre/urban | Randomized clinical trial | Pregnant women | + | Assess efficacy of short antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV |
| MWANZA, 2001 (T.E. Taha, unpub. data) | Mwanza District/rural | Observational survey | Adult men and women | +/– | Assess risk factors associated with prevalent HIV infection in a rural area adjacent to the borders with Mozambique |
| METRO, 2003–2005 (25) | Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital; health centers in Blantyre/urban | Randomized clinical trial | Adult women (nonpregnant) | +/– | Assess the efficacy of intermittent intravaginal metronidazole gel use in reducing bacterial vaginosis infection |
| PEPI, 2004–2008 (26) | Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital; health centers in Blantyre/urban | Randomized clinical trial | Pregnant women | + | Assess efficacy of extended antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV |
*ICAR, International Collaborations on AIDS Research; SUCOMA, a study of prevalence among male workers for the Sugar Company of Malawi; NVAZ, a study of efficacy of nevirapine/zidovudinel postexposure prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV; MWANZA, a study of risk factors associated with prevalent HIV infection in the rural town of Malawi; METRO, a study in which efficacy of intravaginal metronidazole gel in reducing bacterial vaginosis was assessed; PEPI, a study of antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV.