Table 2. Study participant characteristics according to ALT quartile.
| Characteristic | Boys (n=475) | P value | Girls (n=396) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALT Quartile | ALT Quartile | |||||
| I-III (n=354) | IV (n=121) | I-III (n=297) | IV (n=99) | |||
| ALT (U/L) range | 0-18 | 19- | 0-12 | 13- | ||
| Age (yr) | 14.3±0.2 | 14.1±0.4 | 0.6904 | 14.2±0.2 | 14.1±0.3 | 0.9658 |
| Height (cm) | 164.7±0.8 | 165.1±1.5 | 0.8311 | 157.5±0.7 | 157.4±0.9 | 0.9414 |
| Weight (kg) | 54.7±0.8 | 65.7±1.7 | <0.0001 | 49.4±0.8 | 53.9±1.3 | 0.0007 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19.9±0.2 | 23.9±0.4 | <0.0001 | 19.8±0.2 | 21.6±0.4 | <0.0001 |
| BFP (%) | 21.3±0.7 | 30.5±0.9 | <0.0001 | 31.6±0.4 | 34.1±0.6 | 0.0007 |
| FM (kg) | 11.6±0.4 | 20.1±0.8 | <0.0001 | 15.9±0.4 | 18.7±0.8 | 0.0004 |
| TFM (kg) | 4.8±0.2 | 9.4±0.4 | <0.0001 | 6.6±0.2 | 8.2±0.5 | <0.0001 |
| FFM (kg) | 40.7±0.6 | 43.1±0.1 | <0.0841 | 31.4±0.5 | 33.1±0.7 | <0.0201 |
| WC (cm) | 68.7±0.5 | 79.4±1.1 | <0.0001 | 66.0±0.7 | 71.0±1.0 | <0.0001 |
| WHtR | 0.42±0.0003 | 48.2±0.7 | <0.0001 | 0.42±0.004 | 45.1±0.6 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 108.5±0.8 | 114.9±1.3 | <0.0001 | 104.1±0.7 | 103.3±1.3 | 0.5197 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 67.3±0.7 | 70.2±1.0 | 0.0231 | 64.0±0.6 | 64.2±1.1 | 0.0673 |
| AST (U/L) | 11.1±3.5 | 27.3±3.4 | <0.0001 | 9.0±0.3 | 14.7±0.8 | <0.0001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 17.5±0.4 | 23.3±2.1 | <0.0001 | 15.6±0.4 | 18.2±1.0 | <0.001 |
| GGT (U/L) | 15.1±0.4 | 21.4±2.0 | <0.0001 | 12.6±0.4 | 14.6±0.7 | <0.0001 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 146.6±1.7 | 167±3.3 | <0.0001 | 160.9±1.6 | 168.9±2.9 | 0.0124 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 61.3±4.4 | 83.1±4.8 | <0.0001 | 66.8±4.5 | 77.4±2.3 | 0.0022 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 52.2±0.6 | 52.2±1.2 | 0.9947 | 56.5±0.8 | 52.2±1.4 | 0.0107 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 79.4±1.5 | 93.2±3.1 | <0.0001 | 88.8±1.3 | 96.9±2.8 | 0.0077 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 88.9±0.4 | 89.7±0.9 | 0.4203 | 88.2±0.5 | 89.5±0.9 | 0.2432 |
| Insulin (µu/mL) | 11.2±0.5 | 13.6±1.8 | <0.0001 | 11.6±0.8 | 12.6±1.5 | 0.038 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3±0.3 | 3.0±0.4 | <0.0001 | 2.5±0.2 | 2.8±0.3 | 0.026 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
ALT, alanine transaminase; BMI, body mass index; BFP, body fat percentage; FM, total fat mass; TFM, truncal fat mass; FFM, fat free mass; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance.