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Influence of canopy openness on the winter reddening process of S. hirsuta leaves at the beginning of the winter. Each point represents the mean ± SE (n ≥ 4). The mean data of canopy openness and red area were grouped following steps of 10 % canopy openness over the whole canopy openness range, as follows: canopy openness ≤10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50, >51 %. All data were taken on a single day (19 November 2013).
