. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Dev Biol. 2014 Jun 24;393(1):109–123. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.06.014

Table 4. Frequencies of LR defects upon manipulation of presumed early determinants vs. Coco.

factor	treatment	frequency	references

ion channels	various inhibitors	15-51%	Adams et al, 2006; Aw et al, 2010; 2008; Levin et al, 2002; Morokuma et al, 2008
	various mRNA injections	9-44%

Serotonin signaling	various inhibitors	10-44%	Fukumoto et al., 2005b; 2005a; Rea et al., 2013; Vandenberg et al., 2013a
	various mRNA injections	11-56%

cytoskeleton	various inhibitors	19-38%	Lobikin et al., 2012; Qiu et al., 2005
	various mRNA injections	8-32,5%^a

Other factors	various inhibitors	22,5-25%^b	Bunney et al., 2003; Carneiro et al, 2011; Vandenberg and Levin, 2013; 2012
	various mRNA injections	5-75%^c

Coco	MO-mediated Knockdown (right)	70-98%	Schweickert et al., 2010; Tingler et al., n.d.; Vonica and Brivanlou, 2007
	DNA or mRNA injections (left)	83-100%

excluding one outlier experiment with one construct (tub4a; Lobikin et al., 2012), which caused misexpression of Nodal in 64,7% of cases (cf. Table S3).

excluding one part of a NaB-HDAC-inhibitor experiment which caused misexpression of Nodal in 64% of an unknown number of cases (cf. Table S4).