Table 2.
Assay sensitivity
| Biomarker | Percentage at or below LLOQ
|
||
|---|---|---|---|
| HV with stabilizer | HV without stabilizer | P-DM without stabilizer | |
| A1M | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| B2M | 0 | 3 | 8 |
| Calbindin | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Clusterin | 0 | 7 | 4 |
| CTGF | 68 | 54 | 56 |
| Creatinine | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cystatin-C | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| GSTα | 0 | 70 | 54 |
| KIM-1 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Microalbumin | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| NGAL | 11 | 26 | 2 |
| Osteopontin | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| THP | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| TIMP-1 | 84 | 36 | 25 |
| TFF3 | 11 | 0 | 1 |
| VEGF | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Notes: n=20, 69, 95 for HV with stabilizer, HV without stabilizer, and P-DM without stabilizer, respectively.
Abbreviations: A1M, α-1-microglobulin; B2M, β-2-microglobulin; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; GSTα, glutathione S-transferase α; HV, healthy volunteer; KIM-1, kidney injury marker-1; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; TFF3, trefoil factor 3; THP, Tamm–Horsfall urinary glycoprotein; TIMP-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; P-DM, patients with diabetes mellitus.