Fig. 1.

A RAS cascade. ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE2 = angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase, Ang I,II,III,IV = angiotensin I,II,III,IV, Ang (1–10) = angiotensin (1–10), Ang (1–8) = angiotensin (1–8), Ang (2–8) = angiotensin (2–8), Ang (3–8) = angiotensin (3–8), Ang (1–9) = angiotensin (1–9), Ang (1–7) = angiotensin (1–7), Ang (1–5) = angiotensin (1–5), Ang (3–7) = angiotensin (3–7), AT1 = angiotensin II type 1 receptor, AT2 = angiotensin II type 2 receptor, AT4 = angiotensin II type 4 receptor, AP = aminopeptidase (−A,-N,-M,-B), CAGE = chymostatin-sensitive Ang II-generating enzyme, Mas-receptor = Ang (1–7) receptor type, Nep = neprilysin, PEP = prolyl endopeptidase, PC-P = prolylcarboxy-peptidase, tPA = tissue-type plasminogen activator. (Vaajanen et al. 2008a, a modified version)