SPM (left panels): Increase in ventral-striatal activation during gain anticipation in healthy adults compared with adults with ADHD, but not in children comparing CON > ADHD; displayed at MNI coordinate y = 7. Contrast estimates (mean ± SEM) during gain anticipation for the left ventral striatum in children (MNI coordinate: x = −12, y = 6.8, z = −10.4) and adults (MNI coordinate: −16.3, 10.1, −7.1). BPM (middle panels): Increase in ventral-striatal activation during gain anticipation in healthy adults compared with adults with ADHD, but not in children comparing CON > ADHD as revealed by BPM analysis; displayed at MNI coordinate y = 7. Literature-based ROI (right panel): a priori-defined, literature-based probabilistic ROI, volumes: left ventral striatum 1130 mm3 (center of gravity: x = −13, y = 9, z = −8), right ventral striatum 1133 mm3 (center of gravity: x = 14, y = 11, z = −9). The overlays were mapped on the standard MNI template as provided by MRIcroN.