[Table/Fig-3]:
Findings of some studies in Iran and similar demographic region
| Author | Year | Country | Sample size | Gender | Type of meningitis | Clinical sign | Type of organism | Mortality rate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present study | 2006 to 2012 | Iran | 137 | Male | 71.5% | viral | 53.9% | Headache | 40.1% | Streptococcus pneumonaie | 5.2% | 8.8% |
| bacterial | 46% | Fever | 37.2% | Meningococcus | 3.7% | |||||||
| Female | 28.5% | fungal | 0.7% | Nausea and vomiting | 32.8% | Staphylococcus | 0.7% | |||||
| unknown | 1.4% | stiff neck | 19.7% | Neisseria-meningitidis. | 0.7% | |||||||
| Loss of consciousness | 15.3% | |||||||||||
| Alavi et al., [12] | 2003 to 2007 | Iran | 312 | Male | 60.5% | Bacterial | 68.9% | Fever | 96.7% | Meningococci | 47.6% | 5.39% |
| Female | 39.5% | Aseptic | 31.1% | Stiff neck | 91.6% | Pneumococci | 38.1% | |||||
| Loss of consciousness | 13.1% | Haemophilus influenza | 9.6% | |||||||||
| Klebsiella | 4.7% | |||||||||||
| Abdi Liaei et al., [8] | 1991 to 2001 | Iran | 131 | Male | 75% | Acute Bacterial Meningitis | Loss of consciousness | 64.9% | Pneumococci | 30.5% | 21% | |
| Female | 25% | Meningococci | 18.3% | |||||||||
| Nur et al., [21] | 2001 to 2005 | Malaysia | 47 | Male | 62% | Bacterial Meningitis | Fever | 83% | Streptococcus pneumonaie | 23% | 15% | |
| Female | 38% | vomiting | 25.5% | |||||||||
| Headache | 23% | Haemophilusin fluenzae | 15% | |||||||||
| Seizures | 23% | |||||||||||
| Loss of consciousness | 11% | Escherichia coli | 8.5% | |||||||||
| Chang et al., [22] | 1999 to 2005 | Taiwan | 181 | Male | 72% | Bacterial Meningitis | Fever | 88% | Klebsiella pneumonaie | 25.5% | 30.3% | |
| Female | 28% | Alter consciousness | 59.6% | |||||||||
| Seizures | 36% | Acinetobater | 11.5% | |||||||||
| Tsai et al., [23] | 1986 to 2003 | Taiwan | 62 | Male | 77% | Bacterial Meningitis | Impaired consciousness– thrombocytopenia | Klebsiella pneumonaiee | 19% | 20% | ||
| Female | 23% | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 14.5% | |||||||||
| Mai et al., [24] | 1996 to 2005 | Vietnam | 450 | Male | 77.5% | Bacterial Meningitis | Headache | 94.0% | Streptococcus suis | 33.6% | 2.6% | |
| Female | 22.5% | Stiff neck | 94.0% | Streptococcus pneumonaie | 18% | |||||||
| Vomiting | 66.2% | Neisseria meningitides | 6.5% | |||||||||
| Ayaz et al., [25] | 1998 to 2002 | Turkey | 186 | Male | 60 % | Bacterial Meningitis | Headache | 92.5% | Gram-positive cocci | 26% | 15.6% | |
| Female | 40 % | Fever | 88.2% | Streptococcus pneumonaie | 12% | |||||||
| Stiff neck | 80.1% | Gram-negative cocci | 10% | |||||||||
| Khan et al., [26] | 2001 to 2009 | India | 403 | Bacterial Meningitis | Fever | 96% | Staphylococcus aureus | 37.7% | 17.4% | |||
| Streptococcus species | 8.7% | |||||||||||
| Headache | 33% | Enterococcus faecalis | 4.5% | |||||||||
| Stiff neck | 51% | Streptococcus pneumonaiee | 8.2% | |||||||||
| Unconsciousness | 62% | Enterobacteriaceae family | 20.3% | |||||||||