Table 1.

An overview of some of the possible causes of groin pain in athletes

Entities defined during the meeting	Other musculoskeletal causes	Not to be missed
Adductor-related groin pain Iliopsoas-related groin pain Inguinal-related groin pain Pubic-related groin pain Hip-related groin pain	Inguinal or femoral hernia Posthernioplasty pain Nerve entrapment  ▸ Obturator  ▸ Ilioinguinal  ▸ Genitofemoral  ▸ Iliohypogastric Referred pain  ▸ Lumbar spine  ▸ Sacroiliac joint Apophysitis or avulsion fracture  ▸ Anterior superior iliac spine  ▸ Anterior inferior iliac spine  ▸ Pubic bone	Stress fracture  ▸ Neck of femur  ▸ Pubic ramus  ▸ Acetabulum Hip joint  ▸ Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (adolescents)  ▸ Perthes’ disease (children and adolescents)  ▸ Avascular necrosis/transient osteoporosis of the head of the femur  ▸ Arthritis of the hip joint (reactive or infectious) Inguinal lymphadenopathy Intra-abdominal abnormality  ▸ Prostatitis  ▸ Urinary tract infections  ▸ Kidney stone  ▸ Appendicitis  ▸ Diverticulitis Gynaecological conditions Spondyloarthropathies  ▸ Ankylosing spondylitis Tumours ▸ Testicular tumours ▸ Bone tumours ▸ Prostate cancer ▸ Urinary tract cancer ▸ Digestive tract cancer ▸ Soft tissue tumours