. 2013 Oct 9;77(2):133–140. doi: 10.1007/s12262-013-0984-3

Table 3.

The summary on results of meta-analysis and GRADE system

Outcome	No. of studies	HS		CS		Effect estimate		Quality of evidence
Outcome	No. of studies	Events	Total	Events	Total	RR/MD [95 % CI]	p value	Quality of evidence
Anastomotic leakage	9	52	447	38	423	1.30 [0.87, 1.92]	0.20	⊕⊕⊕⊖Moderate^a
Anastomotic strictures	8	45	330	55	300	0.97 [0.47, 1.99]	0.93	⊕⊕⊕⊖Moderate^a
Postoperative mortality	6	15	275	18	272	0.83 [0.43, 1.58]	0.57	⊕⊕⊕⊖Moderate^a
Blood loss (ml)	3	–	207	–	206	39.68 [−6.97, 86.33]	0.10	⊕⊕⊖⊖Low^a,b
Operative time (min)	4	–	239	–	237	18.05 [−3.22, 39.33]	0.10	⊕⊕⊖⊖Low^a,b

^aBecause of the nature of the surgery trials, it was difficult to perform blinding except blinding of the statistician; allocation concealment was unclear in 44.4 % of included studies

^bSmall sample size and number of events provided. Additionally, the 95 % CI around the pooled effect was wide