TABLE 2.

Characteristics of Participating Children Hospitalized With CAP by Hospital, January 2010 to June 2012

Characteristic	Hospital A	Hospital B	Hospital C
No. enrolled	823	666	632
No. admissions/mo	27 (17, 34)	17 (13, 30)	18 (11, 30)
Demographics
Age, yrs	2 (1, 5)	3 (1, 7)	2 (1, 7)
Male gender	57	53	52
White race	29	65	84
Hispanic ethnicity	8	19	30
Clinical
Any comorbidity	58	57	38
Direct ICU admission	9	17	13
Pleural effusion	9	12	23
Length of stay, h	67 (45, 112)	55 (38, 95)	71 (42, 125)
Antibiotic therapy preguidelinesa
Third-generation cephalosporins (without/with macrolide)
Without macrolide	45	37	33
With macrolide	15	20	9
Penicillin/ampicillin (without/with macrolide)
Without macrolide	1	4	9
With macrolide	<1	<1	<1
Other β-lactams	5	11	13
Vancomycin/clindamycinb	27	23	24
Other	6	5	12
Guideline-related hospital activities
Educational conferences	No	January 18, 2012	November 10, 2011
Antibiotic recommendations disseminated to faculty	No	April 12, 2012	No
Other hospital activities
Antimicrobial stewardship program	Yes, July 2011	Yes, continuous	Yes, continuous
CAP clinical practice guideline	No	No	No
CAP electronic order set	Yesc	Yesc	No

Values are expressed as median (IQR) or %.

^aMedian monthly percentage of use during the period preguidelines (January 2010 to August 2011).

^bMonotherapy or in combination with other agents.

^cOrder sets at both institutions recommended third-generation cephalosporins as first-line therapy and did not change during the study period.