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. 2015 May 29;5:31. doi: 10.4103/2156-7514.157858

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Copyright: © 2015 Journal of Clinical Imaging Science

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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21-year old male with congenital renal dysplasia needing dialysis. Frontal digital subtraction venography of the chest via a right arm (a) and left arm (b) contrast injection reveals occlusion of the right (arrow in a) and left (arrow in b) brachiocephalic veins. Multiple superficial collaterals were seen in the right groin, one of which was accessed using US. (c) Frontal digital subtraction venography of the abdomen reveals a tiny collateral vein draining into right obturator vein. (d–f) Frontal fluoroscopic imaging shows dilatation of the tract (arrow in d) and advancement of the TDC (arrow in e). Tip of the catheter in the suprarenal IVC/right atrial junction (arrow in g). (g and h) 3D-CT volume reconstruction images show TDC through the obturator foramen (arrows in g, h).