Table 2.
Changes in Primary Outcome Measures
| Variable | Mean before (SD) | Mean after (SD) | Mean paired difference (95% CI) | p-Value | Percent improvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WOMAC | |||||
| Global | 66.4 (13.8) | 45.4 (22.6) | −21.0 (−32.2 to −9.9) | 0.001* | 30 |
| Pain | 63.0 (14.8) | 42.0 (27.3) | −22.5 (−33.6 to −11.4) | <0.001* | 37 |
| Stiffness | 69.1 (18.0) | 52.8 (24.0) | −16.3 (−27.5 to −5.2) | 0.006* | 21 |
| Function | 65.0 (13.7) | 41.5 (21.0) | −23.6 (−35.0 to −12.2) | <0.001* | 32 |
| VAS | 69.4 (13.8) | 43.0 (25.1) | −26.4 (−38.5 to −14.2) | <0.001* | 36 |
*
Indicates significance at level p < 0.05.
CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index.