Table 4.

Frequency of Indirect Patient Care Activities^* Performed by ED Pharmacists

	Frequency; No. of Respondents
Activity	> Once per Day	Daily	Weekly	Infrequent	Never	No Response
Administration or management	5	0	12	22	14	3
Research	4	4	7	19	19	3
Education or in-service sessions	3	3	17	28	3	2
Formulary review	3	0	3	38	10	2
Drug utilization and drug shortages	2	5	11	28	8	2
Quality assurance	2	2	18	28	4	2
Committee work	2	1	28	22	1	2
Policy	1	2	21	27	3	2
Disaster preparedness	1	0	1	37	15	2

ED = emergency department.

^*Other activity identified in comments section of the survey: education for community care providers.