Table 6.
Level of Training and Education of ED Pharmacists
| Training or Education | Category; No. (%) of Hospitals* | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Most Trained (n = 56) | Least Trained (n = 29) | |
| Highest level of education | ||
| Entry-level | 14 (25) | 7(24) |
| “In-house” ED training | 5 (9) | 2 (7) |
| Hospital residency | 27 (48) | 16 (55) |
| Postgraduate PharmD | 9 (16) | 0 (0) |
| ED residency or fellowship | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 4 (14) |
|
| ||
| Certification | ||
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | 30 (54) | 8 (28) |
| Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) | 17 (30) | 2 (7) |
| Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) | 5 (9) | 0 (0) |
| Advanced Hazmat Life Support (AHLS) | 4 (7) | 0 (0) |
| Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) | 2 (4) | 1 (3) |
| Peripheral IV starts | 2 (4) | 0 (0) |
ED = emergency department.
*
For sites with multiple ED pharmacists, the level of training and education is described for the most-trained and the least-trained ED pharmacist. For hospitals with one ED pharmacist, the level of training and education is documented in the “most-trained” category (i.e., “least trained” was documented only for hospitals with more than one ED pharmacist).