Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the 369 participants enrolled in the MIHNIS study
| Characteristic | Control Communities (n=216) | Intervention Community (n=153) | p-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 139 | 64% | 97 | 63% | 0.85 |
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| Age (yrs), mean (sd) | 40 | 13 | 39 | 10 | 0.40 |
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| Monthly household income (USD), mean (SD) | 45 | 49 | 56 | 78 | 0.09 |
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| Household size, mean (SD) | 5.7 | 3.0 | 5.8 | 3.1 | 0.76 |
|
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| Level of education completed, n (%) | 0.36 | ||||
| None | 8 | 4% | 12 | 8% | |
| Primary | 140 | 65% | 91 | 59% | |
| Secondary | 56 | 26% | 42 | 27% | |
| Post-secondary | 12 | 6% | 8 | 5% | |
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| Marital Status, n (%) | 0.11 | ||||
| Single/Never married | 10 | 5% | 3 | 2% | |
| Separated/Divorced | 9 | 4% | 15 | 10% | |
| Widowed | 61 | 28% | 39 | 25% | |
| Married | 136 | 63% | 96 | 63% | |
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| Walking distance to health center, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| <30 min | 28 | 13% | 75 | 49% | |
| 30–60 min | 80 | 37% | 46 | 30% | |
| >1 hour | 108 | 50% | 32 | 21% | |
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| Baseline stigma score (17-pt scale), mean(sd)† | 6.6 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 3.5 | 0.38 |
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| Baseline HIV knowledge scale (18-pt scale), mean(sd)‡ | 14.8 | 2.3 | 14.9 | 2.0 | 0.42 |
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| Time since ART initiation (yrs), mean(SD) | 2.7 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 0.50 |
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| Baseline CD4 count (cells/mm3), mean(SD) | 372 | 195 | 415 | 209 | 0.05 |
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| Baseline WHO stage | 0.89 | ||||
| Stage I/II | 103 | 49% | 74 | 51% | |
| Stage III | 76 | 36% | 52 | 36% | |
| Stage IV | 31 | 15% | 19 | 13% | |
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| Microclinic participation, n (%) | 4 | 2% | 113 | 74% | |
| Group VCT participation, n (%) | 2 | 50% | 97 | 86% | |
*
univariate logistic regression of continuousor categorical predictors against study arm
†
larger value indicates greater perceived stigma
‡
larger value indicates increased HIV-related knowledge