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Survival time at 39.5°C for populations of Drosophila melanogaster experimentally evolved for 3 years at constant and fluctuating thermal environments. (A) Knockdown time for populations evolved in either a constant 16°C (C populations), a constant 25°C (H populations), a temporally fluctuating (T populations), or spatially fluctuating (S populations) thermal condition. (B) Knockdown time for male and female D. melanogaster pooled across all selective populations.
