Table 1.
Demographics by BMI in each glycemic stage
| All | 18.5 ≤ BMI <25 | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 | 30 ≤ BMI < 35 | 35 ≤ BMI < 40 | 40 ≤ BMI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal glycemic stage | ||||||
| No. of subjects (%) | 48,344 (100) | 11,655 (24) | 17,674 (37) | 11,243 (23) | 4,862 (10) | 2,910 (6) |
| BMI [mean (SD)] | 29.4 (6.1) | 22.8 (1.5) | 27.4 (1.4) | 32.2 (1.4) | 37.1 (1.4) | 44.8 (4.7) |
| Follow-up duration [years; mean (SD)] | 5.2 (2.3) | 5.1 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.4) | 5.3 (2.3) | 5.1 (2.3) | 4.9 (2.2) |
| Stage starting since 2004 (%) | 59.6 | 59.6 | 57.4 | 60.2 | 60.9 | 59.8 |
| Age [mean (SD)] | 46.2 (15.3) | 43.4 (16.2) | 47.5 (15.5) | 47.5 (14.5) | 46 (14.1) | 44.2 (13) |
| Male (%) | 47.9 | 34.8 | 55.0 | 54.7 | 45.4 | 36.0 |
| White (%) | 97.7 | 96.8 | 97.6 | 98.2 | 98.5 | 98.3 |
| Current smoker (%) | 21.2 | 24.9 | 21.0 | 20.3 | 17.6 | 16.6 |
| Full-time employment (%) | 60.7 | 57.7 | 59.9 | 62.0 | 63.9 | 67.7 |
| Covered by HMO plans (%) | 82.9 | 81.6 | 83.1 | 83.5 | 83.9 | 82.3 |
| PreD stage | ||||||
| No. of subjects (%) | 3,085 (100) | 309 (10) | 963 (31) | 925 (30) | 498 (16) | 390 (13) |
| BMI [mean (SD)] | 32.4 (6.9) | 23.2 (1.4) | 27.6 (1.4) | 32.3 (1.4) | 37.3 (1.5) | 45.8 (5.3) |
| Follow-up duration [years; mean (SD)] | 3.1 (1.8) | 3.0 (1.7) | 3.3 (1.8) | 3.1 (1.7) | 3.1 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.8) |
| Stage starting since 2004 (%) | 8.2 | 5.5 | 7.4 | 9.7 | 7.0 | 10.5 |
| Age [mean (SD)] | 57.6 (13.7) | 62.1 (15.4) | 60.3 (13.4) | 58.4 (13.0) | 53.6 (12.5) | 50.2 (12.2) |
| Male (%) | 47.7 | 41.1 | 55.8 | 50.7 | 44.4 | 30.3 |
| White (%) | 97.3 | 95.1 | 96.9 | 97.4 | 98.4 | 98.2 |
| Current smoker (%) | 17.5 | 25.6 | 19.8 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 15.9 |
| Full-time employment (%) | 48.7 | 40.8 | 43.3 | 46.1 | 57.6 | 63.3 |
| Covered by HMO plans (%) | 87.3 | 83.8 | 89.1 | 89.0 | 83.7 | 86.4 |
| T2D stage | ||||||
| No. of subjects (%) | 9,526 (100) | 776 (8) | 2,672 (28) | 2,874 (30) | 1,810 (19) | 1,394 (15) |
| BMI [mean (SD)] | 33.2 (6.9) | 23.2 (1.4) | 27.7 (1.4) | 32.4 (1.4) | 37.2 (1.4) | 45.6 (5.2) |
| Follow-up duration [years; mean (SD)] | 4.6 (2.3) | 4.5 (2.3) | 4.7 (2.3) | 4.7 (2.3) | 4.6 (2.3) | 4.3 (2.2) |
| Stage starting since 2004 (%) | 32.5 | 32.3 | 33.8 | 33.2 | 32.6 | 28.5 |
| Age [mean (SD)] | 59.8 (13.2) | 64.8 (14.8) | 63.7 (12.7) | 60.2 (12.6) | 56.6 (12.1) | 53.2 (12.3) |
| Male (%) | 51.0 | 42.8 | 54.5 | 54.8 | 50.9 | 41.0 |
| White (%) | 97.7 | 95.1 | 97.2 | 97.9 | 98.4 | 98.6 |
| Current smoker (%) | 14.6 | 17.4 | 14.6 | 14.4 | 13.8 | 14.6 |
| Full-time employment (%) | 39.0 | 28.0 | 31.4 | 38.7 | 45.4 | 52.2 |
| Covered by HMO plans (%) | 85.7 | 85.4 | 87.4 | 87.0 | 85.0 | 81.1 |
The study measures were created for the analysis in each glycemic stage separately. Patient demographics were measured at the start of the glycemic stage and included age, sex, race (White, Black, and other), smoking status (never smoked, former smoker, current smoker, and other), employment status (full-time employed, not employed, and other), insurance type (HMO plans or other), and year with the start of the glycemic stage (from 2004 to 2011)
BMI body mass index, HMO health maintenance organization, PreD pre-diabetes, SD standard deviation, T2D type 2 diabetes