Fig. 3. Representative SEM photomicrographs of treated Ti surface (×500). (A) Control (CNT)-grinding marks, (B) Sandblasted (SAB) and (C) Rocatec-Plus (ROC)-deep macro cavities and pits coated with micro gaps with irregular, embedded alumina and silica particles, (D) Roughened with tungsten carbide bur (TCB)-irregular corrugated titanium surface, (E) Atmospheric plasma treatment (APL)-a superficially fissured coarse surface with carbon spots.
