Table 1.

Variables and Psychometrics

Variables	Measure(s)	Items	Scores	Alpha
Covariates
Age, gender, education, income (self)	Questionnaire	9
Early trauma
Neglect, witnessed IPV	Risky Family	2	↑ score =	.85
Physical, psychological	Ryff Relationship Scale	6	↑ rates	.81–.84
Sexual abuse (<13 yr, <18 yr)	Trauma Inventory Scale	2		.73
Religious involvement
Intrinsic religiosity	DUREL	3		.71
Religious coping (positive and negative)	RCOPE	14	Reverse score (- RC)	.72–.83
Gratitude	McCullough et al. (2002)	6	↑ score =	. 61
Forgiveness	Idler (1999)	1	↑ rates	. 58
Mental health and physical health
Mental health and physical health QOL	SF12 (equivalent SF36)	12	Composite scores	.84–.95

Note: Sources for the measures of early traumatic stress were: neglect and witnessed parental abuse (Risky Family [Felitti et al., 1998]), physical and mental abuse (Ryff Relationship Scale [Ryff, Singer, & Palmersheim, 2004]), and sexual abuse before age 13 and age 18 years (Trauma Inventory Scale [Cusack, Frueh, & Brady, 2004]). For religious involvement, sources were intrinsic religiosity (DUREL [Koenig, Parkerson, & Meador, 1997]), religious coping (RCOPE [Pargament, 1999]), gratitude (McCullough, Emmons, & Tsang, 2002), and forgiveness (Idler, 1999). DUREL = XXXX; IPV = XXXX; QOL = quality of life; - RC, XXXX; RCOPE = XXXX; SF12 = XXXX; SF36 = XXXX; ↑ = increased