Table 5:

CONSTIPATION

Reference	Objective	Trial Design	Number of Subjects	Intervention	Outcome Measures
Alacantara J, Mayer D. The successful chiropractic care of pediatric patients with chronic constipation: a case series and selective review of the literature. Clinical Chiropractic. 2008;11(3):138–47.	The successful outcome of chiropractic care in pediatric patients with chronic constipation	Case series	3	Full spine chiropractic (HVLA) and the activator technique	Self-reported bowel movement
Davis J, Alcantara J. Resolution of chronic constipation in a 7 year old male undergoing subluxation based chiropractic care: A case report. J Pediatr Matern & Fam Health – Chiropr. 2011;Fall (4):Online access only p 98–105.	To determine the effects of chiropractic care on a 7 year old male with headaches, neck pain and long-standing constipation	Case report	1	Gonstead technique	Patient’s bowel movement as reported by his mother
Horley M. Resolution of chronic constipation and neck pain following chiropractic care in a 6-year-old female. J Pediatr Matern & Fam Health – Chiropr. 2010(2):51–55.	Determine the effects of chiropractic treatment on a child with constipation, vertebral subluxations and neck pain	Case report	1	High-velocity, low- amplitude (HVLA) adjustments at specific vertebral locations were administered at the areas of vertebral subluxation	Mother and patient reported bowel movement
Quist DM, Duray SM. Resolution of symptoms of chronic constipation in an 8-year-old male after chiropractic treatment. J Manip Physiol Thera. 2007;30(1):65–8.	To describe the history, treatment, and proposed explanation of a positive outcome in a patient with chronic constipation	Case report	1	Manipulation of the sacral area using diversified adjusting procedures and External massage of the abdomen	Self-reported bowel function