Table I.

Surgical procedures used post cystectomy.

Technique	Description
Ileal conduit urinary diversion	Urine is drained from the ureters to a loop of small bowel anastomosed to the abdominal skin surface. It is then collected in an external appliance.
Orthotopic bladder substitution	This practice imitates the typical role of the urinary bladder through using a section of bowel to reconstruct the bladder.
Continent cutaneous diversion	This method uses the ileocaecal valve which may aid the regulation of urination. This procedure utilises the bowel, which is deployed to mimic the urinary bladder. The ureters are attached to the pouch. The pouch is then brought to the skin as a stoma.
Ureterosigmoidostomy	Possibly the oldest procedure, here the ureters are attached to the large bowel and urine exits this way. The anal sphincter provides continence.