H19 is upregulated in EC patients. (A) Expression levels of H19 in human EC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues relative to GAPDH were determined by RT-PCR (n=133). (B) Messenger RNA levels of H19 relative to GAPDH were evaluated in five esophageal cancer cell lines (TE-1, TE-10, Eca-1, Eca-109 and KYSE1170) and one normal control cell line (HEEC) using RT-PCR. The results were validated by RT-PCR. The data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. *P<0.05. RT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction; EC, esophageal cancer; T, EC tumor tissue; P, adjacent normal tissue.