Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted baseline associates of treatment non-adherence in patients with culture-confirmed TB
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude odds ratio (95 % CI) | P-value | Adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI) | P-value | |
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age | 0.997 (0.970, 1.024) | 0.8457 | 0.988 (0.947, 1.029) | 0.5563 |
| Male | 0.859 (0.491, 1.517) | 0.5971 | 0.895 (0.402, 2.246) | 0.8951 |
| Previously had TB | 0.729 (0.346, 1.445) | 0.3832 | - | - |
| HIV-infected | 1.227 (0.693, 2.215) | 0.4889 | 1.358 (0.557, 3.421) | 0.5054 |
| TBscore | 0.868 (0.748, 0.998) | 0.0524 | 0.639 (0.497, 0.797) | 0.0001 |
| Allocation arm Xpert MTB/RIF | 2.038 (1.161, 3.648) | 0.0144 | 2.174 (0.985, 5.015) | 0.05993 |
| K-10 score | 1.073 (1.039, 1.112) | <0.0001 | 1.082 (1.033, 1.137) | 0.0012 |
| Substance use | ||||
| Tobacco smoker | 0.651 (0.325, 1.239) | 0.2055 | - | - |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | N/A | 1.00 (reference) | N/A |
| Social | 0.629 (0.296, 1.279) | 0.2122 | 0.505 (0.177, 1.364) | 0.1874 |
| Regular | 0.701 (0.327, 1.435) | 0.3422 | 0.707 (0.243, 1.986) | 0.5137 |
| Heavy | 2.371 (0.624, 9.029) | 0.1933 | 14.83 (2.083, 122.9) | 0.0090 |
| Educational characteristics | ||||
| Educational level | ||||
| None | 0.375 (0.030, 4.299) | 0.4167 | - | - |
| Primary school | 0.500 (0.077, 4.022) | 0.4668 | - | - |
| Middle school | 0.330 (0.049, 2.727) | 0.2539 | - | - |
| High School | 0.684 (0.107, 5.428) | 0.6874 | - | - |
| Intermediate or post-high school diploma | 0.789 (0.112, 6.743) | 0.81183 | - | - |
| Graduate or post-graduate | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
| TB health literacy score | 0.885 (0.809, 0.967) | 0.0071 | 0.798 (0.696, 0.907) | 0.0008 |
| Economic characteristics | ||||
| Unemployed or retired | - | - | ||
| Personal monthly income | ||||
| Tier 1 | * | 0.9839 | - | - |
| Tier 2 | * | 0.9840 | - | - |
| Tier 3 | * | 0.9838 | - | - |
| Tier 4 | 1.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
| Household monthly income | ||||
| Tier 1 | 0.353 (0.102, 1.181) | 0.089747 | 0.288 (0.064, 1.264) | 0.0997 |
| Tier 2 | 0.275 (0.082, 0.898) | 0.031567 | 0.350 (0.082, 1.445) | 0.1462 |
| Tier 3 | 0.202 (0.039, 0.900) | 0.041743 | 0.156 (0.024, 0.922) | 0.0462 |
| Tier 4 | 1.00 (reference) | N/A | 1.00 (reference) | N/A |
| Sites | ||||
| Cape Town | 0.427 (0.121 1.593) | 0.1868 | - | - |
| Harare | 3.709 (1.308, 12.285) | 0.01956 | - | - |
| Lusaka | 1.036 (0.358, 3.461) | 0.9499 | - | - |
| Mbeya | 0.900 (0.193, 3.980) | 0.8888 | - | - |
| Durban | 1.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
Cells marked with a dash indicate variables excluded from the final multivariate model
*indicates where accurate estimation of the odds ratio failed due to too few observations