Table 3. Incidence rate ratios for attempted suicide and violent offending stratified by socioeconomic status (SES) in the study cohort born 1971–2002: immigrant subgroups vs. native Danes.
| Outcome by immigrant status | ‘Lower’ SES: IRR (95% CI) a | ‘Middle’ SES: IRR (95% CI) a | ‘Higher’ SES: IRR (95% CI) a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Attempted suicide: | ||||||
| Males: | ||||||
| Native Danes | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) |
| 1st generation | 0.69 | (0.55–0.87) | 1.17 | (0.78–1.69) | 2.39 | (0.74–5.57) |
| 2nd generation by one parent | 1.10 | (0.96–1.25) | 1.31 | (1.19–1.44) | 0.93 | (0.71–1.20) |
| 2nd generation by both parents | 0.51 | (0.41–0.62) | 1.04 | (0.82–1.30) | 1.53 | (0.66–2.97) |
| Foreign-born adoptees | 1.33 | (0.84–1.98) | 2.07 | (1.68–2.52) | 3.93 | (2.94–5.14) |
| Females: | ||||||
| Native Danes | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) |
| 1st generation | 0.98 | (0.85–1.14) | 1.53 | (1.18–1.95) | 0.67 | (0.11–2.06) |
| 2nd generation by one parent | 1.40 | (1.27–1.55) | 1.34 | (1.24–1.45) | 1.34 | (1.13–1.59) |
| 2nd generation by both parents | 0.99 | (0.89–1.10) | 1.25 | (1.07–1.45) | 1.34 | (0.72–2.25) |
| Foreign-born adoptees | 1.02 | (0.71–1.41) | 2.06 | (1.81–2.34) | 3.35 | (2.77–4.02) |
| 2. Violent offending: | ||||||
| Males: | ||||||
| Native Danes | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) |
| 1st generation | 2.68 | (2.47–2.90) | 2.52 | (2.10–2.99) | 3.45 | (1.73–6.07) |
| 2nd generation by one parent | 1.33 | (1.23–1.44) | 1.35 | (1.26–1.43) | 1.04 | (0.85–1.25) |
| 2nd generation by both parents | 2.36 | (2.20–2.52) | 2.72 | (2.46–3.00) | 1.87 | (1.05–3.04) |
| Foreign-born adoptees | 0.82 | (0.56–1.14) | 1.73 | (1.48–1.99) | 4.34 | (3.53–5.28) |
| Females: | ||||||
| Native Danes | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) | 1.00 | (ref.) |
| 1st generation | 0.83 | (0.58–1.14) | 2.13 | (1.14–3.58) | - | - |
| 2nd generation by one parent | 1.75 | (1.44–2.11) | 1.77 | (1.48–2.10) | 1.62 | (0.94–2.81) |
| 2nd generation by both parents | 0.96 | (0.74–1.22) | 1.81 | (1.23–2.54) | 3.19 | (0.79–12.89) |
| Foreign-born adoptees | 0.64 | (0.23–1.38) | 1.60 | (1.07–2.27) | 5.67 | (3.47–9.28) |
a Incidence rate ratio adjusted for age and calendar year period. In this table only statistically significant IRRs are highlighted using bold text. Further adjustment for secondary care treated parental mental illness had only a minor impact on the observed strengths of association